Summary - Business

This article will provide brief overview about the concept and definition of leadership, set of competencies required and choices of power available for leaders through which they can work for organizati

According to USFDA, a combination product is one composed of any combination of a drug and device; biological product and device; drug and biological product

onal benefits.

There is no second thought about the fact that like in normal social life, organizations cannot deny existence and effectiveness of leadership for organizational objectives. In the simple

; or drug, device, and biological product and fixed dose combination would include two or more combinations of drug.

Examples of combination products may in

st way, leadership can de defined as influencing other to act towards the attainment of a goal (Rehfeld, 1994, Greenwood, 1993) that in organizational sense mean business objectives. To attain such goals

lude drug-coated devices, drugs packaged with delivery devices in medical kits, and drugs and devices packaged separately but intended to be used together.

, leaders require a distinguished set of competencies, should enjoy some forms of power and can choose from various leadership styles with relevance to scenario requirements (Papers4you.com, 2006).

It w

here is enormous increase in the number of combination products entering the market in the recent years. Combination products have proven advantages but fixe

as argued that to secure effective leadership, organizations should examine five core competencies including empowerment, intuition, vision, value congruence and self-understanding (Slocum & Hellriegel,

d dose combinations are still in the process of convincing regulatory authority on their advantages over the single ingredient formulations.

Combination pro

1996). It was argued that through empowerment, leader influences and control followers while intuition-manifested ability of a leader to scan a situation, anticipate changed, and take risk as well build

ucts have become life saving products for the pharmaceutical companies who doesn’t have many innovative molecules in their product pipeline and have been inc

trust. Similarly a leader should have self-understanding of his opt her own strengths and weakness to make best use of his strengths and avoid strategies that can be adversely affected by weaknesses. Mor

easingly used in the product life cycle management. Even the companies having product patents are trying to extend their product life cycle through the combi

eover the leader should have vision to imagine scenarios and future path and deciding ways to achieve best possible set of strategies related to his visionary future (Papers4you.com, 2006). However one t

nation products and maximize the revenues. But the companies involved in this practice are overlooking that they are burdening the patients both economically

he most important required competency is value congruence that is leader should have ability to understand organizational goals as well as employees’ values and then reconcile both to optimal level.

Koo

and physically. They need to rightly judge the benefits of the combination products and they have to even look at the risks involved when combining the produ

ntz & Weihrich (1990) asserts that for leadership choice organizations should identify the person with a particular set of effective leadership ingredients. That ingredients include ability for effective

ts. Some of the combination products were well accepted by physicians while others suffered. Companies involved in development of combination products are fi

and responsible utilization of power, ability to realize that in different situations and times human beings get motivated differently, should have inspiration power and ability to ensure conducive moti

ding difficulty in defining their combination products and facing various challenges from selecting a combination to marketing it.

Following aspects would a

vating climate of his or her team.

Once a leader is chosen with best match of these competencies, leader should consider the best use of available powers he possesses. According to Slocum & Hellriegel (

dd to the challenges in developing combination products:

Which markets to tap where the combination products can do fairly well?
Which combination prod

1995), five different powers are available to leaders. They can use legitimate power due to their formal position in organizational hierarchy as well as reward and coercive powers by facilitating ability

cts are meaningful and rational?
Which therapeutic categories to select?
Which Combinations can address unmet needs of the patients?
Do combin

to influence followers by either rewarding them or to obtain their compliance through punishments’ fear. As far as leader’s own personality charisma is concerned, leader should have ability to use refer

tions increase the patient compliance?
What would be the developing cost?
How to tackle the risks encountered during combination product developmen

ent power through which followers feel proud to get identification from association with leader. However leaders should have specialized knowledge of the tasks they are controlling so that followers can

t?

As combination products don't fit into the traditional categories of drugs, medical devices, or biological products, the USFDA is in the process of devel

feel their expert power as well.

Hence the discussion implies that every member of organization can not become a leader so choice of leader should be made with relevance to the competencies and skilled

ping new procedures for reviewing their safety, efficacy and quality.

Professional from academic institutions, pharmaceutical industries, health care indust

required for effective leadership as well as ability to use power so that followers can get influenced

References

Greenwood, R,G, (1993), ‘Leadership Theory: A Historical Look at its Evolution’, Journa

y and representatives from various regulatory agencies are working out to design the regulatory requirements for manufacture and sale of combination products

l of Leadership Studies, Nov, 1993, 3-20

Koontz, H & Weihrich, H, (1990), ‘Essentials of Management’, New Delhi: Tata McGraw-hill

Papers For You (2006) "P/M/507. Review of theories on leadership: evolu

.

As there is an increasing trend of the combination products companies manufacturing such products should be able to tackle the problems involved in the de

tion, styles, keys to success", Available from http://www.coursework4you.co.uk/sprtmgt2.htm [22/06/2006]

Papers For You (2006) "E/M/29. Theory of leadership and methods of research", Available from Pape

elopment. They need to be wiser in analyzing the market trends and the regulatory requirements.

Companies that provide selfless information through particip

rs4you.com [21/06/2006]

Rehfield, J, E (1994), ‘Academy of a Leader’, New York: John Wiley & Sons

Slocum, h & Hellriegel, D (1996), ‘Management’, Seventh Edition, Ohio: South-Western College Publishing

tion in industry events and feedback to regulatory authorities would be able to face the challenges and will be successful in developing combination products

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Income in and expenses out being recorded into their proper accounts is the essential tasks of bookkeeping. However, each type of business needs special treatments of these items. And the art business has its own unique requirements.

Getting the first interview may be easy, but getting called back for a second one can be a bigger challenge. We will show you what you need to do in order to insure that you get that call back.

According to the US Forest Service, one third of US land -- about 302 million hectares -- is forestland, and one fifth -- about 200 million hectares -- is timberland. Forestland is the number-one type of land use in the US. Both forestland and timberland contribute to the industrial manufacturing of wood products.

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